The Great Holy Sites of the World
Where the world's faiths go on pilgrimage.
From Mecca and Jerusalem to Varanasi, Bodh Gaya, and Santiago de Compostela, these are the places the world's religions hold most sacred — the destinations of the Hajj, the Kumbh, the Camino, and millions of quieter journeys every year.
| # | Place | Where | When |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
LumbiniThe garden in Nepal's lowlands where Buddhists honor the birthplace of the Buddha |
Maya Devi Temple, Lumbini, Rupandehi District, Nepal | Ashoka Pillar c. 249 BCE |
| 2 |
The Western WallThe surviving retaining wall of the Temple Mount and Judaism's foremost place of prayer |
Old City, Jerusalem | Built from c. 19 BCE |
| 3 |
Ise Grand ShrineShinto's holiest shrine, rebuilt from fresh cypress every 20 years |
Naikū (Inner Shrine), Ise, Mie Prefecture, Japan | Traditionally founded 4 BCE |
| 4 |
The Church of the Holy SepulchreThe Jerusalem church over the places Christians venerate as the crucifixion and tomb of Jesus |
Christian Quarter, Old City, Jerusalem | Dedicated 335 CE |
| 5 |
Bodh GayaThe place of the Buddha's enlightenment and its towering Mahabodhi Temple |
Mahabodhi Temple, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India | Present temple c. 5th–6th century CE |
| 6 |
MedinaThe City of the Prophet, burial place of Muhammad and Islam's second-holiest city |
Medina, Saudi Arabia | Prophet's Mosque founded 622 CE |
| 7 |
NajafIraq's shrine city of Imam Ali and the historic center of Shia learning |
Najaf, Iraq | Imam Ali buried 661 CE |
| 8 |
KarbalaThe Iraqi shrine city of Imam Husayn and the vast Arbaeen pilgrimage |
Karbala, Iraq | Battle of Karbala 680 CE |
| 9 |
The Temple Mount (Haram al-Sharif)The walled platform in Jerusalem's Old City, holy to Jews as the Temple Mount and to Muslims as al-Haram al-Sharif |
Old City, Jerusalem | Dome of the Rock completed 691–692 |
| 10 |
Mount AthosThe self-governing Orthodox monastic peninsula of northern Greece, closed to women for a thousand years |
Mount Athos, Greece | Great Lavra founded 963 |
| 11 |
Santiago de CompostelaThe Galician cathedral city at the end of the Camino, where pilgrims honor Saint James |
Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain | Cathedral begun 1075 |
| 12 |
St. Peter's BasilicaThe Renaissance basilica over the tomb of Saint Peter, principal church of the papacy |
Vatican City | Built 1506–1626 |
| 13 |
The Basilica of Our Lady of GuadalupeMexico City's great Marian shrine and the most visited Catholic sanctuary in the Americas |
Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, Mexico | Apparition tradition 1531 |
| 14 |
The Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib)The gilded heart of Sikhism, open on four sides and feeding everyone who comes |
Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar, Punjab, India | Completed 1589 |
| 15 |
LourdesThe Pyrenean grotto where a young girl's visions made a world center of prayer and healing |
Grotto of Massabielle, Lourdes, Hautes-Pyrénées, France | Apparitions 1858 |
| 16 |
The Bahá'í World CentreThe shrines, terraced gardens, and governing seat of the Bahá'í Faith in Haifa and Acre |
Haifa, Israel | Shrine of the Báb built 1909 |
| 17 |
FátimaThe Portuguese hillside shrine built where three shepherd children reported Marian visions in 1917 |
Sanctuary of Fátima, Cova da Iria, Ourém, Portugal | Apparitions 1917 |
| 18 |
MeccaIslam's holiest city, home of the Kaaba and the destination of the Hajj |
Mecca, Saudi Arabia | |
| 19 |
Mount KailashThe unclimbed peak in western Tibet held sacred by four religions |
Mount Kailash, Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China | |
| 20 |
VaranasiHinduism's holiest city, where life and death meet on the steps of the Ganges |
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India |
Listed from oldest to newest. Each entry has the full story, key facts, a map, and sources. Browse all guides or open the explore map.